Sílices mesoporosas: del mundo inorgánico a la entrega de fármacos Mesoporous silica: from the inorganic world to drug delivery
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Uno de los principales retos en la medicina actual es la entrega de medicamentos a través de sistemas inteligentes, área donde la nanotecnología tiene un impacto clave, dada su capacidad para producir materiales conmensurables con las estructuras de nuestras células y tejidos. Diversos sistemas nanoparticulados han sido propuestos para la liberación de fármacos, y uno de los más prometedores es el uso de la sílice mesoporosa. La sílice es un material inorgánico de bajo costo, el cual puede ser sintetizado a través de metodologías sencillas sin requerir infraestructura sofisticada, y dando lugar a estructuras muy versátiles en tamaño y porosidad, compatibles con el encapsulamiento de fármacos de muy distinta naturaleza, incluyendo biomacromoléculas, tales como proteínas y ácidos nucleicos. En este artículo, presentamos una descripción de las sílices mesoporosas como vectores para la liberación de fármacos, resaltando su potencial para la entrega de biomacromoléculas. Se presentan las estrategias más comunes para la modificación de su química superficial y para su caracterización. Por último, discutimos los estudios más recientes relacionados con su biocompatibilidad, biodegradabilidad y uso en humanos.
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Mundo Nano. Revista Interdisciplinaria en Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, editada por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
Basada en una obra en http://www.mundonano.unam.mx.
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