Antimicrobial metal nanoparticles: bacterial resistance, implications and new challenges
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Abstract
Bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics represents a major threat to human health. Their inappropriate use for the treatment of non-bacterial diseases and in agricultural activities, as well as the careless disposal of antibiotics, has led to an increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is important to search for alternatives that not only control infection in the host, but also prevent the spread of resistant microorganisms. Metallic nanoparticles have emerged as a good alternative due to their unique physicochemical properties, high antibacterial activity, and effectiveness against multidrug-resistant bacteria. In recent years, there have been increasing reports of bacteria resistant to silver and copper nanoparticles and the mechanisms of resistance. This has significant implications, since metallic nanoparticles could promote antibiotic resistance and cross-resistance to metals in wastewater, impacting complex communities of microorganisms. The use of metallic nanoparticles with antibacterial properties is increasing, and their release into the environment could generate resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is important to consider the regulatory aspects associated with the widespread use of nanomaterials with antimicrobial activity and the monitoring of resistant bacteria.
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Mundo Nano. Revista Interdisciplinaria en Nanociencias y Nanotecnología por Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
Basada en una obra en http://www.mundonano.unam.mx.
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