Andamios impresos en 3D con poros heterogéneos como estrategia de regeneración ósea in vivo
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Andamios impresos en 3D con poros heterogéneos, surge como estrategia para la regeneración de tejidos. En este estudio, se evaluó la regeneración ósea en defectos críticos de ratas Wistar, debido a la osteoconducción de andamios de poliácido-láctico (PAL), impresos en 3D con diferentes tamaños de poros; 250-300 µm en la periferia, seguido de 350-400 µm y en el centro 400-740 µm, debido a que los pequeños promueven adhesión celular, mientras que los grandes la angiogénesis. Los andamios se imprimieron en 3D con PLA, un material termoplástico, biocompatible, biorreabsorbible, aprobado por la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de los Estados Unidos (FDA, por sus siglas en inglés), evaluando tamaño de poro y porosidad, in vivo, en defectos de 9 mm de diámetro en calvarias de ratas, calculando el tejido mineralizado por la radiodensidad de las unidades Hounsfield (UH) en imágenes microtomográficas a 8, 30, 60 y 90 días. Los resultados demostraron rango de poros de 200-800 µm (como el diseño), la porosidad fue del 98%, favoreciendo el flujo de nutrientes, oxígeno y eliminación de desechos. Se observó in vivo tejido radiodenso al día 30, evidentemente al 90, concordando con las UH 93.66 y 118.31, respectivamente. Los andamios 3D con poros heterogéneos, demostraron su capacidad osteoconductora en la regeneración ósea, abriendo alternativas en la bioingeniería tisular.
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Mundo Nano. Revista Interdisciplinaria en Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, editada por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
Basada en una obra en http://www.mundonano.unam.mx.
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