La química verde en la síntesis de nanopartículas y sus propiedades antibacterianas
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Lo primero en mente cuando escuchamos sobre nanopartículas es su tamaño extremadamente pequeño o su amplia gama de aplicaciones, pero pocas veces nos enfocamos en su síntesis, siendo esto lo más importante, porque desde ahí se determinan sus tamaños y propiedades. Para sintetizarlas hay muchos procedimientos, desde los que requieren el uso de reactivos peligrosos o tiempos largos hasta los amigables con el ambiente, siendo la química verde uno de esos métodos, el cual está tomando relevancia por su facilidad, rapidez y sustentabilidad. Este enfoque utiliza recursos naturales y compuestos bioactivos actuando como agentes reductores, estabilizadores y de recubrimiento, haciendo el proceso más eficiente en prácticamente un solo paso. Entre las diversas propiedades comprobadas a las nanopartículas está su capacidad antibacteriana, demostrando que, al interactuar con las bacterias, desencadenan procesos que culminan con la eliminación del microrganismo. Este artículo da una perspectiva general sobre la química verde y cómo es utilizada para sintetizar nanopartículas, profundizando en los diferentes recursos disponibles para este procedimiento, los factores que influyen en la síntesis, además de las propiedades antibacterianas atribuidas a estos nanomateriales.
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Mundo Nano. Revista Interdisciplinaria en Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, editada por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
Basada en una obra en http://www.mundonano.unam.mx.
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