The micro world in the nano world: Importance and development of nanomaterials for the fight against diseases caused by bacteria, protozoa and fungi

Abstract

In this paper we give an overview of the current applications of nanomaterials and nanocomposites in fields related to human health, specifically on applications to prevent the spread of pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, protozoa and fungi) in a hospital environment through the use of nanotechnological approaches. In addition, we make a general description of how nanoparticles and nanocomposites can be effective against microorganisms resistant to conventional antibiotics. For the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of various nanomaterials that are intended to be introduced to the market, various methods and procedures are followed according to international standards such as: International Organization for Standardization, American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, American Standard and Testing of Materials, Japanese Industrial Standards, among others.