El papel de la nanociencia y la nanotecnología en el marco de la pandemia de COVID-19
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En diciembre de 2019 surge en China el virus SARS-CoV-2, causante de la enfermedad COVID-19, un síndrome respiratorio agudo severo. Este virus resultó más contagioso que sus predecesores, lo que desató una pandemia tras cuatro meses del primer caso reportado. De cara a ello se prioriza el desarrollo de un tratamiento y una vacuna, así como la optimización de los métodos de diagnóstico. Este artículo de revisión explora los esfuerzos que se han hecho desde la nanociencia y la nanotecnología para mejorar los métodos de diagnóstico con el fin de incrementar su sensibilidad, selectividad y confianza. Se muestra como se ha aprovechado la resonancia del plasmón de superficie (RPS) para mejorar y miniaturizar a los sistemas de medición. Finalmente, se muestra el desarrollo de una potencial vacuna basada en nanomateriales y ARN mensajero, explicando los métodos de síntesis, la formulación y el mecanismo de acción. De acuerdo con la información disponible, es posible que esta vacuna logre una inmunización eficiente contra el SARS-CoV-2, lo que sería uno de los mayores hitos en los campos de la nanociencia y la nanotecnología.
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Mundo Nano. Revista Interdisciplinaria en Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, editada por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
Basada en una obra en http://www.mundonano.unam.mx.
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